In 1788, North Carolina created " Tennessee County", and in 1796, a constitutional convention, organizing the new state out of the Southwest Territory, adopted "Tennessee" as the state's name. The modern spelling, Tennessee, is attributed to Governor James Glen of South Carolina, who used this spelling in his official correspondence during the 1750s. Recent research suggests that the Cherokees adapted the name from the Yuchi word Tana-tsee-dgee, meaning "brother-waters-place" or "where-the-waters-meet". In 1567, Spanish explorer Captain Juan Pardo and his party encountered a Native American village named "Tanasqui" in the area while traveling inland from modern-day South Carolina however, it is unknown if this was the same settlement as Tanasi. This town appeared on British maps as early as 1725. Tennessee derives its name most directly from the Cherokee town of Tanasi (or "Tanase", in syllabary: ᏔᎾᏏ) in present-day Monroe County, Tennessee, on the Tanasi River, now known as the Little Tennessee River. Main article: Name of Tennessee Detail of Tanasi (spelled "Tennessee") on Henry Timberlake's Draught of the Cherokee Country The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is in eastern Tennessee. Its economy is dominated by the health care, music, finance, automotive, chemical, electronics, and tourism sectors, and cattle, soybeans, corn, poultry, and cotton are its primary agricultural products. The state is twice bisected by the Tennessee River, and the Mississippi River forms its western border. The central part of the state is marked by cavernous bedrock and irregular rolling hills, and level, fertile plains define West Tennessee. The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau contains many scenic valleys and waterfalls. Tennessee has diverse terrain and landforms, and from east to west, contains a mix of cultural features characteristic of Appalachia, the Upland South, and the Deep South. Tennessee has also played a major role in the development of many forms of popular music, including country, blues, rock and roll, soul, and gospel. In 2016, the element tennessine was named for the state, largely in recognition of the roles played by Oak Ridge, Vanderbilt University, and the University of Tennessee in its discovery. After the war, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory became a key center of scientific research. This was aided in part by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the city of Oak Ridge, which was established during World War II to house the Manhattan Project's uranium enrichment facilities for the construction of the world's first atomic bombs. ĭuring the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from a predominantly agrarian society to a more diversified economy. As a result, Tennessee was the last state to secede and the first readmitted to the Union after the war. A slave state until the American Civil War, Tennessee was politically divided, with its western and middle parts supporting the Confederacy and the eastern region harboring pro- Union sentiment. It earned the nickname "The Volunteer State" early in its history due to a strong tradition of military service. Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later the Southwest Territory, before its admission to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. Its name derives from " Tanasi", a Cherokee town in the eastern part of the state that existed before the first European American settlement. Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachian Mountains. Tennessee's population as of the 2020 United States census is approximately 6.9 million. Other major cities include Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Clarksville. Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, and anchors its largest metropolitan area. Tennessee is geographically, culturally, and legally divided into three Grand Divisions of East, Middle, and West Tennessee. It is bordered by Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the southwest, and Missouri to the northwest. Tennessee is the 36th-largest by area and the 15th-most populous of the 50 states. Tennessee ( / ˌ t ɛ n ɪ ˈ s iː/ ⓘ TEN-ih- SEE, locally / ˈ t ɛ n ɪ s i/ TEN-iss-ee), officially the State of Tennessee, is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States.
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